The hardness forming salts i.e. the bicarbonates (temporary hardness) of calcium and magnesium and the sulphates, chlorides and nitrates (permanent hardness) of calcium and magnesium are generally the most troublesome constituents of natural water used industrially, due to their tendency to form scale on heat transfer surfaces.These hardness salts can be removed by passing the water through an ion-exchange resin that removes the calcium and magnesium and exchanges them for sodium  salts which are non scale forming.

Some typical applications would be:

• Boiler feed water
• Cooling towers
• Air conditioning plant
• Bottling plants
• Dairies
• Dyeing

• Domestic households
• Hotels
• Schools
• Canteens
• Dishwashers
• Breweries

The B & V  range of softeners are manufactured in accordance with our ISO 9001:2000 quality assurance scheme to ensure a long and trouble free operation. Models are available from the smallest domestic unit for small households up to large industrial units with high flows rates up to 100000 litres per hour. 

The model of  water softener that will be required will be dictated by several different parameters as follows:

• Quantity of water used per day.
• Maximum flow rate per hour during peak demands during the day.
• The water hardness of the water supply.
• Is there a requirement for continuous flow to service.
• Water pressure available.